Ahdut HaAvoda (Hebrew: ?????????????????????????????? ?????????? Unity ) is the name used by a series of political parties. Ahdut HaAvoda in his first incarnation was led by David Ben-Gurion. It was first established during the period of the British Mandate and later became part of the Israeli political establishment. It was one of the pioneers of the modern Israeli Labor Party.
Video Ahdut HaAvoda
History
Ahdut HaAvoda
The original Ahdut HaAvoda Party was established in Palestine in March 1919, under the rule of the British military, after the division within the Poale Zion party, which had established a branch in Ottoman Syria in 1906. Ahdut HaAvoda was led by David Ben-Gurion, who had become members of pre-war groups. The root of the division is the conflict between the membership of the Communist International and participation in the bourgeois Zionist Organization (ZO). The membership of the more radical anti-ZO factions tends to come from among the newer Yiddish-speaking immigrants. Talks about Yiddish become another area of ​​dispute with Ahdut HaAvoda who has a Hebrew only policy.
The following year, 1920, at a conference in June, Ahdut HaAvoda decided to set up a military organization, the Haganah, to replace the existing Hashomer militia.
Also in 1920, Ahdut HaAvoda and non-Marxist Hapoel Hatzair worked together to establish the "General Organization of Hebrew Workers" - Histadrut. In November the delegation was chosen by 4,500 members from various labor groups and the first congress was held in Haifa, December 1920. Ahdut HaAvoda has no overall majority, but with the help of Hapoel Hatzair, they dominate the process. Their goal was to build a separate Jewish workers' economy in Greater Israel. Ben-Gurion lived in New York at the time, but returned in 1921 to be chosen as the first Secretary of Histradrut. Haganah is placed under the jurisdiction of Histadrut.
At the third Ahdut HaAvoda congress in 1924 at Ein Harod, Ben-Gurion defeated a proposal submitted by Shlomo Kaplansky that the parliament would be established in the Palestine Mandate. This problem arose because the British Colonial Office had presented a plan for the formation of the Legislative Council.
Other important members of Ahdut HaAvoda first are Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, and Berl Katznelson.
The cooperation between Ahdut HaAvoda and Hapoel Hatzair led them to join in 1930 to form the "Labor Party of the Land of Israel" - Mapai, which became the dominant force in Zionist politics until the 1960s.
Ahdut HaAvoda Movement
On May 20, 1944 a group known as Fraction B (Hebrew: ????? '?, Sia 'a Bet ) split from Mapai adopted the name Ahdut HaAvoda from the previous fourteen years (Hebrew: ???????????? ? ??? ?, HaTnu'a LeAhdut HaAvoda ). The group is pro-Soviet, and rejects any territorial compromise. Many of its members are from HaKibbutz HaMeuhad, the organization of Mapai kibbutz. They hold the majority of senior positions in the Haganah and especially in the Palmach. The key leaders are Israel Galili and Yigal Allon. The others with close relationships are David Elazar, Yitzhak Hofi, Avraham Adan, and Yitzhak Rabin.
Ahdut HaAvoda Poale Zion Movement
In 1946 Ahdut Movement HaAvoda joined the Poale Zion Left to form the Poetry Movement Ha'voda Poa Sion (Hebrew: ??????????? ?? ? ????????? ?, HaTnu'a LeAhdut HaAvoda Poale Zion ). Two years later the party joined the Worker Party of Hatzair Hashomer to form Mapam. Most of the senior Haganah commanders were members of Mapam, including the head of Israel's National Command Galili who was one of the leaders of Mapam. Palmach is also dominated by Mapam with his commander, Yigal Allon, and five brigade commanders who are members. With the establishment of the Israeli national army this caused a conflict with Ben Gurion. In 1953, after a series of confrontations, two of the four regional commanders and six of the twelve Brigade Commanders resigned. The remaining members of Mapam, Yitzhak Rabin, Haim Bar-Lev and David Elazar, have to stay for several years in staff posts or training before continuing their careers.
Ahdut HaAvoda - Poale Zion
On August 23, 1954 Moshe Aram, Yisrael Bar-Judah, Yitzhak Ben-Aharon and Aharon Zisling broke away from Mapam to rebuild Ahdut HaAvoda - Poale Zion. However, they are not recognized by Knesset speakers as an independent party. The new party also launched a newspaper, LaMerhav , which became a daily publication in December of that year, and published until merged into Davar in May 1971.
The 1955 election was performed as Ahdut HaAvoda and the party won 10 seats, making them the fifth largest in the Knesset. They formed part of both Ben-Gurion government coalitions during the third Knesset. Members of the Nahum Nir party were appointed speakers of the Knesset (the only time a speaker was not yet a member of the ruling party), Bar-Yehuda was appointed Minister of the Interior, and Moshe Carmel became Minister of Communications. However, their party was ultimately responsible for bringing down the government in 1959 when they and their fellow coalition partners Mapam voted against the government on the issue of arms sales to West Germany but refused to leave the coalition.
In the 1959 election the party was reduced to seven seats. They rejoined the coalition government until its collapse in 1961, with Ben-Aharon becoming Minister of Transportation. The 1961 election saw them win a seat, and became part of the three fifth Knesset coalition governments with Yigal Allon being Minister of Labor and Ben Aharon, Bar-Yehuda and Carmel all acting as Minister of Communications during the session.
For the 1965 election, the party allied itself with Mapai to form the Alignment of Labor, which won 45 seats. On January 23, 1968 the party joined Mapai and Rafi to form the Israeli Labor Party and no longer exist as an individual entity.
Maps Ahdut HaAvoda
References
External links
- Ahdut HaAvoda - Poalei Zion Knesset website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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