Call forwarding , or call forwarding , is a phone feature of some telephone switching systems that divert phone calls to other destinations, which may, for example, cell phones, voice mailboxes or numbers another phone where the desired calling party is available. Call forwarding was created by Ernest J. Bonanno. In North America, a forwarded row usually rings once to alert a customer to using call forwarding that the call is being diverted. More consistently, the forwarded line shows its condition with a stuttered dial tone. Call forwarding can usually divert incoming calls to other domestic phone numbers, but the owner of the forwarded line should pay all toll charges for forwarded calls. Call forwarding is often activated by dialing * 72 followed by the phone number for which the call should be forwarded. After someone answers, call forwarding applies. If no one is answering or the line is busy, the calling sequence must be repeated to perform call forwarding. Call forwarding is disabled with calls * 73. This feature requires a subscription from the phone company. Also available in some areas is Remote Access to call forwarding, which allows control over forwarding calls from phones other than subscribers' phones. VOIP and cable phone systems also often allow call forwarding to be organized and routed through their web portals.
In Europe, most networks indicate that the unconditional diverting of calls is active with a special dial tone. When the phone is picked up, it will immediately be seen that the call is being forwarded.
Video Call forwarding
Terminology
The standard document of complementary services ISDN Diversion uses "redirects" as a generic term to include special features including "Call Forwarding Busy", "Call Forwarding No Reply" and "Call Deflection".
The terms call forward and call forwarding are both used to refer to any feature that allows calls to be transferred to third parties, and terms are generally interchangeable.
Maps Call forwarding
Code keypad
North America
A special type of call forwarding can be enabled only if the line is busy, or if there is no answer, or even just for calls from the selected number. In North America, NANP generally uses the following vertical service code to control call forwarding:
The Sprint Nextel phone company uses this:
- Beginning in January 2012, Sprint charges 20 cents per minute for unconditional call forwarding, but conditional call forwarding is included.
- Some operators (including Verizon Wireless) use * 71 for conditional forwarding even though this is not standard.
- Sometimes, to disable call forwarding, * 720 will work on your phone.
Europe
Most EU fixed-line operators use the following codes based on CEPT and ETSI standards developed in the 1970s on both POTS and ISDN lines: (There may be some variations to this, but unconditional code * 21 *, very many universal standards in Channels EU phones.) The general syntax for all European service codes always follows the pattern below:
Mobile (cell) phone
For GSM/3GSM (UMTS) phones, the GSM standard sets the following forwarding of Unstructured Additional Service Data. It was developed by ETSI and is based on a standard European transfer code and similar to that used in most EU landlines:
If the prefix for forwarding commands is "**" (not "*" regular), then the phone number in the command is registered on the network. If afterwards forwarding is disabled using a single "#" command, it will be possible to re-enable this forwarding again with a simple "*" command without a phone number in it. Forwarding will be re-enabled to the number listed on the network. For example, if someone uses code out of range in the forwarding command:
** 62 * 7035551212 #
and after that disable forwarding:
# 62 #
then later it is possible to re-enable unreachable forwarding without specifying a number:
* 62 #
After the above command, all calls made to the phone, when not reached, will be forwarded to 7035551212. You can enable the feature to a number other than the listed number, while retaining the listed number for later use. For example, issue a command:
* 62 * 7185551212 #
will result in forwarded calls to 7185551212 (and no to registered numbers 7035551212). However, if later the command is issued:
* 62 #
then the call will be re-forwarded to the registered number 7035551212 (and no to the number of the previous forwarding command 7185551212).
In addition, on GSM networks, such as T-Mobile and AT & amp; T Mobility in the US, and all cellular networks in the EU, you can set the number of seconds the phone will ring before continuing. This is determined by entering " * SC * XX " before the final "#" of the forwarding command, where " SC " is service type code 11 for votes , 25 for data , 13 for fax ), and " XX "is the number of seconds with a multiple of 5 seconds. If " SC " is omitted (only " ** XX ") then by default all types of services will be forwarded. For example, continuing without the answer can be set by:
* 61 * [phone number] ** [sec] #
On some networks there may be a limit of no more than 30 seconds before proceeding (ie " XX " can only be 05, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30; all larger values, such as 45 and 60 , will result in forwarding command denied and error message returned).
Usage
Diverting calls may increase one's availability to the caller. The main alternative is an answering machine or voicemail, but some callers do not want to leave messages recorded, suspecting that parties will delay returning their messages.
Some businesses find that human touch can increase contacts, resulting in sales, but traditional cable answering services are expensive, so their calls are forwarded to the call center, so clients can reach operators instead of answering machines or voicemail. Prior to call forwarding availability, a commercial answering service is required to physically connect to each channel they provide after hours; this requires that their office be near a local exchange center and be fed by a large multi-pair rod where a pair of separate cables exist for each client customer. With call forwarding, there is no physical connection to the client's primary phone service, which is only called-forwarded to an answering service (usually on a direct inward call number) at the end of the business day.
Often, a large suburb is a toll call from many suburban exchanges on opposite sides of the same city, although all these suburbs are local calls to the city center. A business located on the outskirts of the city may benefit from obtaining the city center number as an "extender", to be permanently forwarded to their geographic suburb number.
Where unlimited local calls are rated flat and long distance incurs a high per minute charge, the wider local calling area in the downtown area represents a commercial advantage. Markham (directly north of Toronto) a short distance to Mississauga (directly west of Toronto). Markham's 416 forwarded business can receive calls from all Toronto local calling areas without incurring long-distance tolls (due to both legs, Mississauga -> Toronto and Toronto -> Markham, respectively local calls).
Some services offer international call forwarding by allocating to customers local virtual phone numbers forwarded to other international destinations. The number is permanently forwarded and has no associated phone line. As a means of getting incoming numbers from other cities or regions for business use, "long distance calling" schemes tend to be much cheaper than foreign exchange channels but are more expensive than using voice over IP to get local numbers in selected cities.
Call forwarding can also help travelers who do not have an international mobile phone plan and who want to continue receiving their voicemail messages via VoIP voip very easily while abroad.
See also
- Follow me
- Hunt (telephony)
- Forward call forwarding
- GSM USSD Code - Unstructured Additional Service Data: standard GSM code list for network and SIM related functions
Note
External links
- Call Forwarding User guide, Bell Canada
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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