Dislocation occurs when two bones that initially meet at the joint release. Dislocation should not be confused with Subluxation. Subluxation is when the joint is still partially attached to the bone.
When a person has a dislocated jaw, it is difficult to open and close his mouth. Dislocations can occur after a series of events if the jaw is locked when it is open or can not close. If the jaw is dislocated, it can cause extreme headaches or inability to concentrate. When muscle alignment is out of sync, pain will occur due to undesirable jaw rotation.
If the pain remains constant, surgery may be necessary to reset the jaw. Depending on the severity of the jaw dislocation, pain relievers such as paracetamol may help relieve early chronic pain. If pain relief is taken for a long period of time, it can have a negative impact on people when talking, eating, drinking, etc.
Video Dislocation of jaw
Symptoms
The symptoms can be largely dependent on the severity of the dislocation injury and how long the person is affected by the injury. Symptoms of jaw sprains include bite that feels "off" or abnormal, difficulty speaking or moving the jaw, unable to cover mouth completely, drooling because unable to cover mouth completely, teeth feel them out of alignment, and the pain becomes unbearable
The immediate symptoms can be the loud sound of chirp that goes right in the ear of the drum. This is immediately followed by tremendous pain, especially on the side where the dislocation occurs.
Short-term symptoms can range from mild to chronic headaches, muscle tension or pain in the face, jaw and neck.
Long-term symptoms can cause sleep deprivation, fatigue/frustration, frustration, angry outbursts or short fuses, difficulty performing daily tasks, depression, social problems related to speech impairment, hearing sensitivity (especially for high-pitched voice), tinnitus and pain when sitting related to posture while on the computer and reading the book from the general pressure on the jaw and facial muscles when tilting the head down or up. And it may cause the next facial asymmetry.
In contrast, the broken jaw bleeding symptoms include bleeding from the mouth, unable to open the wide mouth without pain, bruising and facial swelling, difficulty eating due to constant pain, loss of feeling in the face (more specifically the lower lip ) and does not have full range of jaw motion.
Maps Dislocation of jaw
Anatomy
The joints involved with jaw dislocation are the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The joint is located where the mandibular condyle and the temporal bone meet. The membrane surrounding the bone helps during the swing and glide of the jaw movement. For the mouth to close it requires the following muscles: masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscle. For the jaw to open it requires a lateral pterygoid muscle.
Pathophysiology
There are four different positions of jaw dislocation: posterior, anterior, superior and lateral. The most common position is anterior, while other types are rare. Anterior dislocation shifts the lower jaw forward if the mouth is open excessively. This type of dislocation can occur bilaterally or unilaterally after evaporation. The muscles affected during anterior jaw dislocation are massages and temporalis that draw on the mandible and the lateral pterygoid that relaxes the mandibular condyle. The condyle can be locked in front of the articular eminence. Posterior dislocation is possible for injured people as it is punched on the chin. This dislocation will encourage the jaw again to affect the alignment of the mandibular condyle and the mastoid. External auditory can be cracked. Superior Dislocation occurs after being punched beneath the mandibular ramus when the mouth is still half open. Because of the great power occurring in the blow, the jaw angle will be forced upward towards the condylar head. This can cause fracture of the glenoid fossa and displacement of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa, potentially injuring the facial nerve and vestibulocochlear and the temporal lobes. Lateral The dislocation transfers the mandibular condyle away from the skull and possibly coincides with the jaw fracture.
Posterior, superior and lateral dislocations are unusual injuries and usually result from high-energy trauma to the chin. In contrast, anterior dislocations are more common due to low energy trauma (eg tooth extraction) or secondary to medical conditions affecting joint stability (eg seizures, ligaments, joint degssession).
Diagnosis
Like other joint dislocations, clinical history and examination are essential for the diagnosis of jaw dislocation. Generally, plain and panoramic X-ray radiography is used to determine the relative position of the mandibular condyle. If a complex or unusual suspicion is suspected, the most reliable three-dimensional computed tomography in diagnosing dislocations and possible fractures or soft-tissue injury.
In the case of dislocations due to high-energy trauma, attention should also be given to other injuries, especially blunt or indirect trauma to the skull and cervical spine. A truly life-threatening condition needs to be ruled out or treated on the first line. For superior superior jaw dislocation, serious intracranial complications such as epidural hematoma may be and should be recognized and managed to prevent disability or even death. Therefore, neurologic status should be examined in patients with complex dislocations involving temporal bone fractures. A hearing deficit on the injured side may indicate damage to the ear structure.
Treatment
Most temporomandibular disorders (TMD) limit themselves and do not get worse. Simple treatments, involving self-care practices, rehabilitation that aims to eliminate muscle spasms, and restore correct coordination, are all that is needed. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) should be used on a short, regular basis and not on the required basis. On the other hand, chronic TMD treatment can be difficult and this condition is best managed by a team approach; the team consists of primary care physicians, dentists, physiotherapists, psychologists, pharmacologists, and in a small number of cases, a surgeon. Different modalities include patient education and self-care practices, treatment, physical therapy, splints, psychological counseling, relaxation techniques, biofeedback, hypnotherapy, acupuncture, and arthrocentesis.
Like most dislocated joints, dislocated jaws can usually be successfully positioned to the normal position by a trained medical professional. Attempts to re-adjust the jaw without the help of a medical professional can cause worsening injury. The healthcare provider may be able to rearrange to the correct position by manipulating the area back to its original position. Numbing agents such as general anesthesia, muscle relaxants, or in some cases sedation, may be necessary to relax a strong jaw muscle. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to reposition the jaw, especially if there is a recurrent jaw dislocation.
Epidemiology
Jaw dislocations often occur in people who are in cars, motorcycles or related accidents and also sport related activities. This injury does not show a specific age or gender because it can happen to anyone. People who dislocate their jaws usually do not seek emergency medical care. In most cases, acute jaw dislocations can be modified by small manipulations. Reported from a study that over a seven-year period on an emergency medical site, with 100,000 annual visits, only 37 patients were seen to have dislocated jaws.
See also
- Sidewalk control
References
External links
- http://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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