A gunstock , often just stock , also known as shoulder stock , buttstock or just butt , is part of a long shotgun such as a shotgun, where the barrel action and firing mechanism are mounted and held on the user's shoulders while photographing the gun. Stock provides a means for the shooter to firmly support the device and easily aim with stability. The stock also sends back to the shooter's body.
The Stock, with its use, can be compared to the arrowheads.
Video Stock (firearms)
History and etymology
The term stock which refers to a firearm originating from 1571 comes from the German word stoc , which means tree trunk, referring to the woody nature of the gunstock.
The initial hand gun uses a simple stick attached to the socket at the end of the breech to provide a handle. The shape of modern rifles began to develop with the introduction of the arquebus, matchlock with a longer barrel and actual locking mechanism, unlike hand-applied hand-hand guns. Firing the cannons requires careful application of the game while aiming; the use of matchlock handles slow match applications, freeing hands for support. With both hands available for aiming, the arquebus can be paired with the shoulders, giving rise to a basic form of weapon that has survived for over 500 years. This greatly increases the accuracy of the arquebus, to a level that will not be exceeded until the appearance of a rifled barrel.
Ironically, the stock of guns introduced during European colonization in America is transformed as a hand-to-hand war club by Native Americans and First Nations when fragile accessories are ruined or rare ammunition is exhausted. The technique of firearm weapons is being revived by martial arts like Okichitaw.
Maps Stock (firearms)
Anatomy of firearms
Gunstock is widely divided into two parts (see above). The back is butt (1) and the front is fore-end (2). The front supports and affixes the receiver, and imparts a retreat impulse from the barrel. Butt interacts with the hand of the shooter trigger while preparing against the shoulder for stability, and then divided into comb (3), heel (4), toe (5), and grip (6). The stock described has a thumbhole style grip (7), which allows a more ergonomic vertical grip for the user's hand.
In some modern weapon designs, the lower receiver and handguard replace the front end stock, leaving only the buttocks for stock.
Style and features of stock
The most basic details of this type of stock are one-piece and two-piece stock. One-piece stock is one unit of the ass forward, as is commonly found in conventional action rifles. Two pieces of stock use separate parts for the buttocks and the front end, as is commonly found in break-action rifles, and action-guns and rifles. Traditionally, two-piece stocks are easier to make, because finding an empty wood suitable for one-piece stock is more difficult than finding a short blank for two-piece stock.
Slide or fold stock is often seen in military-grade weapons and civilian-derived weapons. Foldable stock (or telescoping) makes more compact weapons for storage or transportation, but is usually used before shooting for better control. A butt hook, which is an attachment to the butt of a gun that is placed under the shooter's arm to prevent the shotgun from spinning forward from the heavy barrel sometimes used in the firing of a competitive gun. This stock is also used on combat rifles such as Franchi SPAS-12 to allow stock to collapse when not in use.
Handle
The handheld area is held by the firing trigger hand when firing, and is part of the butt connecting with the front end. The back of the grip is called pliers . Many grips have coarse textures or even finger grooves that are engraved to the side to increase the firmness of the shooter's grip. Some grips have a thumb rest (or a curve of the thumb) carved near the pliers to provide a more ergonomic grip for the trigger finger.
Grips vary in style. Stick straight handle (A) runs smoothly from the tip of the foot to the trigger, giving the angle of the handle almost horizontally to the trigger hand, while the full grip gun stock (E) contains the grip part stands alone, providing an almost vertical angle for trigger hand for maximum ergonomics, and is commonly found in modern military rifles such as the AK-47 and M16 rifle families everywhere. Among the two extremes, semi-grip stock (B) is probably the most common sport gun stock, with a sharper angle cutting into the stock to provide a more diagonal angle for the trigger hand. The stock of modern target forces generally moves toward a more vertical and more thorough grip, though built into stock rather than being made as a separate part. AnschÃÆ'¼tz grip stocks (C), for example, use an almost vertical handle, and many thumbhole grip handles (D) are similar to a shaped pistol grip.
Comb
comb is another area with wide variations. Because the comb should support shooter cheeks at altitudes that constantly align targeted eyes with weapon views, higher scenery like telescopic sight requires a higher comb.
The simplest form is a straight (A) comb, which is the standard form seen on all traditional rifles with iron sights. The Monte Carlo comb (B) is commonly found on inventory designed for use with scope, and the comb features are elevated to lift the cheeks higher, while keeping the heel of the stock low. If the raised comb is a round dome, it is often called a hogback comb. A cheekpiece (C) is the part raised on the side of the stock , which provides better support for the shooter's cheeks. There is some confusion between these terms, because the features are often combined, with the rolled up cheeks (D) extending to the top of the stock to form essentially the high Monte Carlo comb.
Some modern buttstocks have movable comb parts called break cheeks or rising cheeks , which offer a customized height comb that adjusts the gunner's ergonomic preferences.
Fore-end
The fore-ends tend to vary in thickness, from flakes to the general end of the English side-by-side rifle to the width, bottom flat beavertail the front end is found on a benchrest firing gun, and its length, from a short AK-47 style to a long Mannlicher stock that runs up to its snout. The most common sport firearms are half stock , which extends roughly half the length of the barrel.
Stock measurements
Important stock measurements are related to the gun inventory target if competing in a match registered at IBS or NBRSA. The target shotgun must meet certain dimension and configuration criteria according to the competition class involved. The stock dimension is very important with rifles, where the typical front-bead sight requires a consistent position of the shooter's eye above the center of the barrel for good accuracy. When having a custom stock made or bent to fit, there are a number of important measurements.
- The line of vision , The datum line along the line of sight, extends axially to all points required for gun stock reference measurements.
- Length of attraction , length measured from stock ass to trigger.
- Drop on the heels , the distance from the line of sight to the heel of the buttocks.
- Drop in comb , distance from Vision line to comb.
- Remove , the distance from the center of the buttock to the Sight line, to the right side as seen from behind.
- Cast on , the distance from the center of the buttock to the Sight line, to the left side as seen from behind.
- Pitch , the stock's ass corner, determined by a straight line from heel to toe, is referenced perpendicular to the line of sight.
- Dull lines , Concentric lines of center line with gunhole, and axially extending to all points required for rifle rifle reference measurements.
- The corporal line , the bottom edge of the stock butt, or as determined by a straight line from the handle to the toe.
- The corral angle , the corner of the corporal line referenced to the boring line at the point of the body cut.
- Corporal interception point , point at the bore line forward of the bolt face where (if) the corral line cuts the drill line.
Accuracy considerations
In addition to ergonomic problems, the stock can also have a significant impact on the accuracy of the rifle. The main factors are:
- Secure fit between stock and action, so the shotgun does not move underneath
- Stable materials, which do not change in shape with temperature, humidity, or other environmental conditions to a level that can adversely affect accuracy
Well-designed and well-constructed wood stocks can provide the safe and stable foundation needed for accurate rifles, but the wooden properties make it more difficult than more stable synthetic materials. Wood is still a top choice for aesthetic reasons, however, and solutions such as bedding provide synthetic stability with aesthetic wood.
Burst or auto shoulders firing small guns can incorporate a "straight line" backward configuration. This layout places the center of gravity and the shoulder stock position almost parallel to the longitudinal axis of the borehole, a feature that enhances control capability during an explosion or an automatic fire.
Bump fire
A stock bump uses the natural lifting motion of a semi-automatic rifle to facilitate rapid fire similar to an automatic firearm without requiring modification of an internal mechanism to turn a firearm into an automatic weapon. It consists of stock sliding with a support step attached in front of the trigger. Pushing forward on the barrel, or grip forward, causes the gun to slide forward in the stock, "bumping" the trigger against the trigger finger that rests on the support step, firing the gun. The gun then backed out, moving the trigger back, away from the finger. The forward pressure continues on the barrel or the forward handle returns the trigger to the finger, repeating the cycle. The amount of forward pressure controls the rate of fire, which can reach several hundred revolutions per minute.
Construction
Traditionally, the stock is made of wood, generally durable wood like walnut. The growing option is the stock of laminated wood, which consists of many thin films of wood bonded together at high pressure with epoxy, resulting in a composite that is solid and stable.
Regardless of the material actually used, the general term "furniture" is often applied to gunstock by curators, researchers and other firearms experts.
Folded, folded, or released stocks tend to be made of a mixture of steel or alloys for strength and locking mechanisms, and wood or plastic for shapes. Stocks for bullpup rifles should consider the dimensions of rifle action, as well as ergonomic issues such as ejection.
Wood stock
While walnut is a favorite wooden gunstock, many other woods are used, including maple, myrtle, birch, and mesquite. In making stocks of solid wood, one must take into account the nature and variability of wood. Wood grain determines strength, and the grain should flow through the wrist from stock and out of the toes; Having grains that are perpendicular to these areas greatly weakens the stock.
In addition to the type of wood, the way of treatment can have a significant impact on its properties. The wood for the hammer should be dried slowly, to prevent grain fall and splitting, and also to maintain the natural color of the wood; a special stock seller will buy a dried blank two to three years and then dry it for a few extra years before processing it into a stock. Careful choices can produce distinctive and interesting features, such as groin images, feathers, fiddlebacks, and burl, which can significantly increase stock desire. While a basic, straight blank suit suitable for utilitarian stocks might sell for US $ 20, an empty exhibition class with remarkable numbers could be worth in the $ 2000 range. Empty for one piece of stock is more expensive than empty for two shares a piece, because of the greater difficulty in finding the empty again with the desired figure. The two stock pieces are ideally made of one blank piece, so the wood in both parts shows the same colors and shapes.
Laminate wood
The laminated wood consists of two or more layers of wood, impregnated with glue and permanently attached to each other. The combination of two pieces of wood, if properly arranged, produces a separate piece that moderates the effects of changes in temperature and humidity. Modern laminates consist of thick wooden sheets measuring 1/16 inch (1.6 mm), usually birch, impregnated with epoxy, placed in alternate wheat direction, and cured at high temperature and pressure. The resulting composite material is much stronger than the original wood, free from internal defects, and almost immune to the curvature of heat or moisture. Typically, each layer of laminate is dyed before laminating, often in alternating colors, which provides a pattern similar to wood grain when cut into shape, and with bright and contrasting colors, the result can be very striking. The loss of laminate stock is density, with laminations that weigh about 4 to 5 ounces (110 to 140 g) over walnuts for ordinary stock.
While laminate wood has been available for years in the customary market (and, in soft form, in several military rifles), in 1987, Rutland Plywood, a wood laminate maker, convinced Sturm, Ruger, Savage Arms, and US Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester) to display some stock laminates on their rifles in a green, brown and black pattern (often called camo ). The response was remarkable, and it marked the commencement of laminate stocks on production rifles.
Injection is formed synthetically
While the installation costs are high, once ready to be produced, injection molding produces less stock than the cheapest cost of wood stock. Each stock is almost identical in dimensions, and requires no bed, inletting, or finishing. The disadvantages are the lack of stiffness and thermal stability, which is a side effect of the thermoplastic material used for injection molding.
Composite stock inserted by hand
A composite stock placed in the hand is composed of materials such as fiberglass, kevlar, graphite cloth, or some combination, saturated in an appropriate binder, placed into a mold to be adjusted, or compacted. The resulting stock is stronger and more stable than injection molding stock. It could also be half the weight of injection molding stock. Inletting and bedding can be completed by printing as part of the manufacturing process, machining in inletting once stock is finished, direct printing to the action as a separate process, or printing the metal parts of the machine in place during manufacture. Finish provided by the coat gel coating applied to the mold before the fabric is laid.
Metal
Some high-tech firearms (such as PPS-43, MP-40, and Zastava M70B) use metal stocks to have a strong, folded, thin stock to make the weapons more compact. Even skeletal steel stocks are often heavier than fixed stocks of wood equivalent. As a result, less cost-sensitive designs such as FN Minimi use aluminum or lightweight alloys of steel. Some designs, such as the Accatacy International Arctic Warfare, use metal chassis that safely latches firearm components, with non-structural synthetic panels attached to ergonomics.
Legal issues
In some jurisdictions, the nature of the stock may change the legal status of firearms. The example is:
- Adding a shoulder sash to a firearm with a barrel shorter than 16 inches (40.6 cm) turns it into a short barrel gun (SBR) under the United States National Arms Act.
- Folding stocks or shares with separate grips is a prohibited feature in some US states and municipalities.
Gallery
See also
- The vertical forward handle
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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