Perpetual check

src: i.ytimg.com

In the game of chess, enduring is a situation where one player can impose a draw with a series of endless checks. Such situations usually arise when a checking player is unable to provide a checklist, while failing to continue the series check gives the opponent at least a chance to win. A draw with a lasting check is no longer one of the chess rules. However, such situations will ultimately result in a good draw with a triple repetition or fifty-step rule, but the players usually approve the long draw before that (Burgess 2000: 478).

Permanent checks may also occur on other chess variants, although the rules relating to them may be different. For example, providing continuous checks is not allowed in shogi and xiangqi, where it leads to automatic losses for the giver.

Video Perpetual check

Example

In this diagram, Black is in front of a castle, a bishop, and a pawn, which would normally be the decider profit. But White, to move, can draw with eternal checks:

1. Qe8 Kh7

2. Qh5 Kg8

3. Qe8 etc. (Reinfeld 1958: 42-43)

The same position will be repeated for a third time and White can claim a draw with a triple repetition; or the players will approve the draw.

Unzicker versus Averbakh

In the second diagram, from Unzicker versus Averbakh, Stockholm Interzonal 1952, Black (on the go) will soon be forced to hand over one of his fort for white claws (to prevent it promoting or capturing the promoted queen after the promotion). He can, however, exploit the weaknesses of White.

1... Rxc7!

2. Qxc7 Ng4! â € <â €

Threatening 3... Qh2 #.

3. hxg4 Qf2

Rescue a draw with triple repetition with checks on h4 and f2.

Hamppe versus Meitner

In a classic game between Carl Hamppe and Philipp Meitner in Vienna in 1872, after a series of Black sacrifices forced the game to a position in the diagram, where he was drawn by the immortal examination:

16... Bb7!

17. Kb5

If 17.Kxb7 ?? Kd7 18.Qg4 Kd6 is followed by... Rhb8 #.

17... Ba6

18. Kc6

Jika 18.Ka4 ?? Bc4 dan 19... b5 #.

18... Bb7 ½-½

Leko versus Kramnik

In a match between Peter Leko and Vladimir Kramnik at the 2008 Corus tournament, Black can earn a draw due to a continuous inspection:

24... Qb4

25. Ka2 Qa4

26. Kb2 Qb4

27. Kc1 Qa3

28. Kb1 Ã,½-Ã,½

Fischer versus Tal

The ongoing examination saved a draw for Mikhail Tal against Bobby Fischer in this 1960 match, played at the 14th Chess Olympics, while Tal was the World Champion. In this position, Black plays 21... Qg4 and the game is taken (Evans 1970: 53). (After 22.Kh1 then 22... Qf3 23.Kg1 Qg4 forcibly checking continuously.)

Maps Perpetual check

History

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Chess Games, Volume 1 (1485-1866) includes all recorded games played until 1800 (Levy & O'Connell 1981: ix). The earliest example of the enduring examination contained in it is a game played by two unknown players in 1750:

NN versus Unknown, 1750
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. 0-0 (castle rule has not been standardized in its current form, White moved its king to h1 and its fort to f1) Nf6 5. Nc3 Ng4 6. d3 0-0 (Black moves its king to h8 and its fort to f8) 7. Ng5 d6 8. h3 h6 9. Nxf7 Rxf7 10. Bxf7 Qh4 11. Qf3 Nxf2 12. Rxf2 Bxf2 13. Nd5 Nd4 14.Ne7 Nxf3 15. Ng6 Kh7 ½-½ in the light of 16.Nf8 Kh8 17. Ng6 etc. (Levy & O'Connell 1981: 9)

The next examples of the eternal checks in this book are two games, both ending with continuous checks, played in 1788 between Bowdler and Philidor, with Philidor giving pawn chances and moving (Levy & O'Connell 1981: 12).

The draw with the eternal check is usually in the rules of chess (Reinfeld 1954: 175), (Reinfeld 1958: 41-43). Howard Staunton gave it as one of six ways to draw a game in the Chess Player Handbook (Staunton 1847: 21). Since then it has been removed because persistent checking will eventually allow the lucky draw claim with a triple or fifty-step rule. If a player shows intent to conduct ongoing checks, the players usually approve the draw (Hooper & Whyl 1992).

src: i.ytimg.com

See also

• Desperado
• Chess rules
• Confront

src: i.ytimg.com

References

Bibliografi

• Burgess, Graham (2000), Kitab Mammoth Catur (edisi ke-2), Carroll & amp; Graf, ISBN 978-0-7867-0725-6
• Evans, Larry (1970), Modern Chess Brilliancies , Fireside, ISBNÂ 0-671-22420-4 Â
• Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1992), The Oxford Companion to Chess (edisi ke-2), Oxford University Press, ISBNÂ 0-19-866164-9
• Pungutan, David; O'Connell, Kevin (1981), Oxford Encyclopedia of Chess Games, Volume 1 (1485-1866) , Oxford University Press, ISBNÂ 0-19-217571-8
• Reinfeld, Fred (1954), Cara Menjadi Pemenang Pada Catur , Fawcett, ISBNÂ 0-449-91206-X
• Reinfeld, Fred (1958), Catur Singkatnya , Pocket
• Staunton, Howard (1847), Buku Panduan Pemain Catur , London: Henry G. Bohn  (1985 Batsford cetak ulang, ISBN 1-85958-005-X)

src: www.themodelanswer.com

Tautan eksternal

• Diagram mendemonstrasikan pemeriksaan abadi

Source of the article : Wikipedia